“Vanguard party; revolutionary dictatorship.”
This offshoot of Marxism relies on a vanguard party to direct the proletarian revolution, with a centralized, one-party state overseeing economic and social life. It stresses tight control by party elites to steer society toward a communist future.
During the Russian Civil War (1918–1922), Lenin's government deployed the Cheka (secret police), initiated the Red Terror, and banned other parties—very repressive measures. Lenin implemented a command economy, state ownership of major industries, suppression of private enterprise, and central planning of production and distribution.