“Grassroots, non-party socialism.”
Autonomism rejects both capitalism and state socialism, advocating for self-managed, decentralized worker and community control over production and decision-making.
Toni Negri was a key figure in Autonomist Marxism, promoting radical self-organization of workers and communities outside state structures. Emerging in Italy, the movement encouraged factory takeovers and alternative economies without reliance on unions or political parties.